Poorer and middle class families relied on their crops for food. The middle class in Elizabethan times were mainly made of lower class rich people.many people in the middle class wore hats in public, men and women wore alot jewelry accessories. During the Elizabethan Era, boys of the upper and middle class were given education starting at age five, and going on until age 14, when they would go off to University. Thick sauces with strong flavours were popular and made even more varied as ingredients became more readily available from Asia. In this time, there were more poor people than wealthy. The midday meal was called “dinner” and might be eaten on the go, though those who could afford to stop working to eat at home would do so. Drinks: stale ale, spirits, milk, buttermilk, whey. Tea and coffee were unknown until well into the 1600s. The wealth… Flavours were added using spices, a handy extra that also hid the taste of salted or not quite top-grade meat. In the middle classes women didn’t know how to read or write, they eventually learned how to, but that was only if you could afford it. Three fortified sweet wines were popular: 'sack' from Jerez (which later became known as sherry), 'Madeira' from the Madeira Islands and 'Canary' from the Canary Islands. It was commonly reserved for the wealthy. [3] Education during the Elizabethan age Where the boys and girls were educated In the Elizabethan age, a girl's education is done at home. If a peasant lived near abody of water of some sort, he may have caught fish to supplement his diet. Local markets supplied everything else but the larger estates would have been more self-sufficient producing their own bread, milk, cheese, meat, and fish on site. We are now World History Encyclopedia to better reflect the breadth of our non-profit organization's mission. The primary source of protein was probably given through fish to the lower class. Meat itself was sold totally separate as mentioned above in livestock markets. In Elizabethan era, foods were prepared in several wa… The highest in the hierarchy of the Elizabethan era was the Monarch. Not much of an animal was ever wasted as dishes were made using trotters, feet, and heads. Meat was fresh or, when eaten in the winter months, was preserved via salting, smoking, drying, or pickling. In contrast, hutches ('pantries') were boxes with air-holes for keeping fresh food like cheeses. The diners brought their own knives. Kitchen Still-life by Joachim Beuckelaerby Joachim Beuckelaer (Public Domain) As can readily be seen, meat was eaten so frequently and in such prodigious quantities amongst the rich that they frequently suffered complaints like kidney and bladder stones, as well as urinary infections. Also fire shovels, barrels, tubs, pantry, buttery (wine and other provisions stored here), wet and dry larders, spicery, mealhouse sieving or bolting house, coals kep in squillerie along with brass pots and pans, pewter vessels and herbs, covered dishes, court cupboard, sideboards. Unlike the poor, they didn't eat much stew or porridge, therefore they did not get as much vegetables. Seafood was cheap in villages and towns on the coast or near rivers but was a luxury only for the rich in inland areas. 1. Gordonandmali – Life In Elizabethan England There are often distinct differences between the classes, denoted by characteristics such as one"s wealth, education, career, and health. More Info On- Elegance in Every Elizabethan England Food, Drinks, Meals Timings Decorations. Foods that grow from the ground were considered poor people food. Sometimes their outfits were completed with a cotton shirt. With your help we create free content that helps millions of people learn history all around the world. Game was often protected by forest laws with strict punishments for poachers. Read More More about Social Status In The Elizabethan Era So it was not uncommon on special occasions, much like today, to see fresh baked pies at many of the festivals held throughout England each year. The girls stayed at home and learned to cook, and sew. Fish was also a common dish and eaten wholly in place of meat during Lent (Protestant Elizabethan England kept up the practice to support fishermen). Consequently, the bread on a rich person's table was noticeably whiter than a loaf on a poor person's. Food in The Elizabethan Era Common Foods Eaten: The foods eaten in the Elizabethan Era were determined by a person's wealth and status/class. Poorer and middle class families relied on their crops for food. The Elizabethan did not eat much differently than many societies do today. Beer from hops was the cheapest drink because, having a higher alcohol content, it could be stored longer than any of the others; although finer beers were aged for up to two years before drinking. The upper classes had a variety of meat to choose such as venison, beef, pork, lamb and fowl. A healthy distrust of water meant that ale and beer were the most popular drinks, with wine a welcome addition for the better off. Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/article/1578/. Upper class fashion generally used velvets, satin, furs, silks, lace, cottons, and taffeta. Hands were washed before starting the meal and napkins were often provided which women placed on their laps while men, curiously, draped over one shoulder. Wine, both plain and fortified, was also drunk, but as this was imported from Continental Europe and was exposed to import duties, it was not cheap. Peasant men wore rough tunics, and stockings or leggings, or they wore woolen jackets with woolen pants and knickers. The rich drank both and the poor just drank ale. Most cooking was done over an open fire of wood or charcoal with a large pot either stood on legs actually in the fire or suspended over it using chains. The second class of the Elizabethan Period was the "middle class". As far as common course meals, they were a little bit different. Some would offer dairy, others would offer fish, and then you might find vegetable markets and fruit markets elsewhere. For poor people food mainly consisted of bread, fish cheese, and ale but the rich had a much more luxurious diet that contained all sought of meats such as pork, beef, lamb, rabbit, swan, goose, and pigeon. https://www.ancient.eu/article/1578/. His special interests include pottery, architecture, world mythology and discovering the ideas that all civilizations share in common. The two main meals for everyone remained around 11 am to 12 noon and again from 6 to 9 pm. He holds an MA in Political Philosophy and is the Publishing Director at AHE. Forks were not yet used in England but they were not needed as most food was already cut up before serving. In fact, there were typically several different markets. Ancient History Encyclopedia has a new name! Food and drink in the Elizabethan era was remarkably diverse with much more meat and many more varieties of it being eaten by those who could afford it than is the case today. "Food & Drink in the Elizabethan Era." Elegance in Every Elizabethan England Food. Nobles lacked Vitamin C, calcium, and fiber. Cite This Work Storage of food was still a problem and so fresh produce was grown at home or regularly acquired at local markets. Bibliography Those who could afford servants also had cooks, usually women but including men, too, at the great houses. Elizabethan Era Drinking vessels: gold, silver, pewter, horn, leather, glass, earthenware. Poorer and middle class families relied on their crops for food. An Elizabethans diet was ruled by the calendar. There were monarchs, nobles, and merchants during this time; the monarch’s ate best quality of food than the nobles and merchants because they were the highest the social class. World History Encyclopedia, 08 Jul 2020. Drinks:Water was not clean in the Middle Ages and people therefore drank wine and ale. Children of Nobility, on the other hand, would always be taught at home until going to University. Fruits: oranges, cherries, rasberries, strawberries, mulberries, peaches, apricots, cornels, currants, raisins, lemons, gooseberry, plums, pears, apples, grapes. We have also been recommended for educational use by the following publications: Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. License. Both men and women attended all of these establishments. Game meat included rabbit, venison, woodcock, and many other types of birds from pheasants to cranes. Eggs were a favourite with everybody and added to a large number of dishes, as was lard which at least solved the problem of where to find protein and calories. Peasants had a fairly simple diet mainly consisting of bread, porridge, stew,vegetables, and some meats. Solid perfume was a frequently used product by many women during the Elizabethan Era. Fruits and vegetables were rarely found in an upper class home. In addition, it was the era where different social classes was determined as elite class, upper class, middle class, working class as well as lower class among people. Food : Elizabethan meals were prepared in a number of ways, including spit roasting, baking, boiling, frying, salting/preserving and smoking. Sweets: custard, jellies, eringoes, comfits, suckets, codinac, marmalade, cakes, pastries, sugar bread, gingerbread, flan, seed cake, pudding, mincepies, sugar, honey. 16th Century CE Kitchen Still-lifeby Jacopo Chimenti (Public Domain). Other popular alcoholic drinks included cider, mead (honey wine), perry (from fermented pears), and 'raspie' made from raspberries. The diet in England during the Elizabethan era (1558–1603) depended largely on social class. The availability of food during the Elizabethan Era was based on economic and social class standing. World History Encyclopedia. The vast majority of the population still worked in agriculture and often had their own small plot of land for their own personal needs. To prepare the food a range of knives, ladles, meat forks and scissors were used. Food Still-life by Clara Peetersby Clara Peeters (Public Domain) Books The upper classes preferred wheat bread, while poorer citizens could only afford barley and rye.Elizabethan Food and Drink; Eras of Elegance: The Elizabethan Mark is a history writer based in Italy. Other seafood included eels, crustaceans, and shellfish (especially mussels, crab, shrimp, and oysters). Herbs: chervil, young sow thistle, corn salad, leaves of clary, spotted cowslip. Useful cooking utensils for this method of cooking Elizabethan food were pots, pans, kettles, skillets and cauldrons. The Elizabethan Era is well known for its improvement in agriculture. An essay or paper on The Elizabethan Era. During the Elizabethan Era new foods from the New World were being discovered, like tomatoes and potatoes. Most of the fabrics were imported from distant empires, including Italy and the Middle East. This was not a course of pleasure, though it could be as everything was a treat, but one of healthful eating and abetting the digestive capabilities of the body. Unlike today where you drive into the local supermarket and it has everything you need, this was not the case throughout England during the Elizabethan era. During the Elizabethan Era food varied according to … Some Rights Reserved (2009-2021) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. Just about any seasonal fruits  - from gooseberries to elderberries - were used to make wines, although the quality must have been generally low and the taste an acquired one. Indeed, even artisans who specialised in such activities as weaving and making clothes still kept a patch of land for their vegetable garden and some poultry. Learn More. At special dinners, the guests could choose from a wide variety of meat dishes and even ask for a sample before making their decision. 5. We have the upper class of the rich people. Finally, spirits were made from distilled wine such as aqua vitae but these were largely used as a medicine, as was spiced wine. Bread was, however, another food item that depended on status as the best bread which used the finest, well-ground flour was more expensive. Other common vegetables included spinach, artichokes, asparagus, carrots, and lettuce. These materials were expensive and very luxurious. Food was available and entertainment such as players, wrestling and Morris dancing was provided but it was the attraction of the ale and the tendency for attendees to get a little carried away that so upset the Puritans towards the end of Elizabeth's reign. Food and drink in the Elizabethan era was remarkably diverse with much more meat and many more varieties of it being eaten by those who could afford it than is the case today.
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