(3) Class C rotorcraft-load combination means one in which the external load is jettisonable and remains in contact with land or water during the rotorcraft operation. Crewmember means a person assigned to perform duty in an aircraft during flight time. Calibrated airspeed is equal to true airspeed in standard atmosphere at sea level. The surface may be a fixed, movable, or variable geometry surface, with or without control surfaces. It includes any part which becomes separated during the operation. Aircraft engine means an engine that is used or intended to be used for propelling aircraft. Person means an individual, firm, partnership, corporation, company, association, joint-stock association, or governmental entity. § 1.2. Overflight Fees. V FC/ M FC  means maximum speed for stability characteristics. (ii) For the sole purpose of determining public aircraft status, governmental function means an activity undertaken by a government, such as national defense, intelligence missions, firefighting, search and rescue, law enforcement (including transport of prisoners, detainees, and illegal aliens), aeronautical research, or biological or geological resource management. Flightcrew member means a pilot, flight engineer, or flight navigator assigned to duty in an aircraft during flight time. Federal Aviation Regulations -are rules prescribed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) ... (FAA) to provide guidance for compliance with airworthiness regulations. Want to thank TFD for its existence? Up to date for and complete with all charts and figures and professional, illustrated explanations. This book attempts to clear up ambiguity by analyzing the regulations in FAR parts 1 (definitions), 61 (airmen), 91 (conditions of flight) and NTSB 830 (reporting incidents and accidents). TCAS III means a TCAS that utilizes interrogation of, and replies from, airborne radar beacon transponders and provides traffic advisories and resolution advisories in the vertical and horizontal planes to the pilot. [Doc. Air transportation means interstate, overseas, or foreign air transportation or the transportation of mail by aircraft. Preventive maintenance means simple or minor preservation operations and the replacement of small standard parts not involving complex assembly operations. (1) With respect to aircraft other than helicopters, an operation over water at a horizontal distance of more than 50 nautical miles from the nearest shoreline; and. Published as Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations. (6) A single, reciprocating engine, if powered. Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Union Aviation Safety Agency), EASA is responsible for the organisations whose principal place of business is outside the territories for which the EASA … Critical engine means the engine whose failure would most adversely affect the performance or handling qualities of an aircraft. According to the provisions of the act, FAA was given the authority to oversee and regulate safety in the airline industry. Balloon means a lighter-than-air aircraft that is not engine driven, and that sustains flight through the use of either gas buoyancy or an airborne heater. Propeller means a device for propelling an aircraft that has blades on an engine-driven shaft and that, when rotated, produces by its action on the air, a thrust approximately perpendicular to its plane of rotation. For example, JT8D and JT8D–7 are engines of the same type, and JT9D–3A and JT9D–7 are engines of the same type. Pilotage means navigation by visual reference to landmarks. However, threshold lights may protrude above the plane if their height above the end of the runway is 26 inches or less and if they are located to each side of the runway. Learn federal aviation regulations with free interactive flashcards. Flight plan means specified information, relating to the intended flight of an aircraft, that is filed orally or in writing with air traffic control. Propeller means a device for propelling an aircraft that has blades on an engine-driven shaft and that, when rotated, produces by its action on the air, a thrust approximately perpendicular to its plane of rotation. AD. Foreign air commerce means the carriage by aircraft of persons or property for compensation or hire, or the carriage of mail by aircraft, or the operation or navigation of aircraft in the conduct or furtherance of a business or vocation, in commerce between a place in the United States and any place outside thereof; whether such commerce moves wholly by aircraft or partly by aircraft and partly by other forms of transportation. Rated continuous OEI power , with respect to rotorcraft turbine engines, means the approved brake horsepower developed under static conditions at specified altitudes and temperatures within the operating limitations established for the engine under part 33 of this chapter, and limited in use to the time required to complete the flight after the failure or shutdown of one engine of a multiengine rotorcraft. Minor alteration means an alteration other than a major alteration. CIVIL AVIATION REGULATIONS, 2011 The Minister of Transport has under section 155(1) of the Civil Aviation Act, 2009, (Act No. (4) Class D rotorcraft-load combination means one in which the external-load is other than a Class A, B, or C and has been specifically approved by the Administrator for that operation. Rated maximum continuous power, with respect to reciprocating, turbopropeller, and turboshaft engines, means the approved brake horsepower that is developed statically or in flight, in standard atmosphere at a specified altitude, within the engine operating limitations established under Part 33, and approved for unrestricted periods of use. Manifold pressure means absolute pressure as measured at the appropriate point in the induction system and usually expressed in inches of mercury. (iii) The aircraft is chartered to provide transportation to the armed forces and the Secretary of Defense (or the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating) designates the operation of the aircraft as being required in the national interest. Examples include: transport, normal, utility, acrobatic, limited, restricted, and provisional. Go-around power or thrust setting means the maximum allowable in-flight power or thrust setting identified in the performance data. Consensus standard means, for the purpose of certificating light-sport aircraft, an industry-developed consensus standard that applies to aircraft design, production, and airworthiness. ACCG, and air-compliance® is a registered trademark of Air Carrier Compliance Group, Inc. Aerodynamic coefficients means non-dimensional coefficients for aerodynamic forces and moments. The FARs are part of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). The act transferred the authority to set aviation regulations from the Civil Aeronautics Board to FAA. Operating Requirements: Domestic, Flag and Supplemental Operations. Load factor means the ratio of a specified load to the total weight of the aircraft. PART I General Provisions Short Title. TVOR means very high frequency terminal omnirange station. Large aircraft means aircraft of more than 12,500 pounds, maximum certificated takeoff weight. Enhanced flight vision system (EFVS) means an electronic means to provide a display of the forward external scene topography (the natural or manmade features of a place or region especially in a way to show their relative positions and elevation) through the use of imaging sensors, such as a forward looking infrared, millimeter wave radiometry, millimeter wave radar, low light level image intensifying. In Subchapters A through K of this chapter: CAMP means continuous airworthiness maintenance program. Examples include: transport, normal, utility, acrobatic, limited, restricted, and provisional. 7401 et. (2) Between a place in a possession of the United States and a place in another possession of the United States; whether that commerce moves wholly by aircraft or partly by aircraft and partly by other forms of transportation. V MO/ M MO  means maximum operating limit speed. Final approach - A flight path that follows the extended runway centerline. The surface may or may not have control surfaces. Canard configuration means a configuration in which the span of the forward wing is substantially less than that of the main wing. Product Disclosure | Unless otherwise stated, the critical altitude is the maximum altitude at which it is possible to maintain, at the maximum continuous rotational speed, one of the following: (1) The maximum continuous power, in the case of engines for which this power rating is the same at sea level and at the rated altitude. CIVIL AVIATION REGULATIONS, 2011 The Minister of Transport has under section 155(1) of the Civil Aviation Act, 2009, (Act No. Gyroplane means a rotorcraft whose rotors are not engine-driven, except for initial starting, but are made to rotate by action of the air when the rotorcraft is moving; and whose means of propulsion, consisting usually of conventional propellers, is independent of the rotor system. National defense airspace means airspace established by a regulation prescribed, or an order issued under, 49 U.S.C. TACAN means ultra-high frequency tactical air navigational aid. Military operations area. Light-sport aircraft means an aircraft, other than a helicopter or powered-lift that, since its original certification, has continued to meet the following: (1) A maximum takeoff weight of not more than—, (i) 1,320 pounds (600 kilograms) for aircraft not intended for operation on water; or. Area navigation (RNAV) is a method of navigation that permits aircraft operations on any desired flight path. Suitable RNAV system is an RNAV system that meets the required performance established for a type of operation, e.g. SSALSR means simplified short approach light system with runway alignment indicator lights. Warning area. MAA means maximum authorized IFR altitude. (i) For the sole purpose of determining public aircraft status, commercial purposes means the transportation of persons or property for compensation or hire, but does not include the operation of an aircraft by the armed forces for reimbursement when that reimbursement is required by any Federal statute, regulation, or directive, in effect on November 1, 1999, or by one government on behalf of another government under a cost reimbursement agreement if the government on whose behalf the operation is conducted certifies to the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration that the operation is necessary to respond to a significant and imminent threat to life or property (including natural resources) and that no service by a private operator is reasonably available to meet the threat. ; Browse CFR Parts Affected from the Federal Register Final and proposed rules that affect the CFR and have been published in the Federal Register within the past 24 hours, week, month, or within a specific date range. IFR over-the-top, with respect to the operation of aircraft, means the operation of an aircraft over-the-top on an IFR flight plan when cleared by air traffic control to maintain “VFR conditions” or “VFR conditions on top”. V S0  means the stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed in the landing configuration. The Federal Aviation Regulations, or FARs, are rules prescribed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) governing all aviation activities in the United States. (1) That, if improperly done, might appreciably affect weight, balance, structural strength, performance, powerplant operation, flight characteristics, or other qualities affecting airworthiness; or. V S  means the stalling speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the airplane is controllable. 200.02 - Application. (ii) Is a system, the failure or malfunction of which could result in an IFSD, loss of thrust control, or other power loss. Decision altitude (DA) is a specified altitude in an instrument approach procedure at which the pilot must decide whether to initiate an immediate missed approach if the pilot does not see the required visual reference, or to continue the approach. V1  also means the minimum speed in the takeoff, following a failure of the critical engine at VEF, at which the pilot can continue the takeoff and achieve the required height above the takeoff surface within the takeoff distance. For example, flight level 250 represents a barometric altimeter indication of 25,000 feet; flight level 255, an indication of 25,500 feet. Full flight simulator (FFS) means a replica of a specific type; or make, model, and series aircraft cockpit. IFR; and is suitable for operation over the route to be flown in terms of any performance criteria (including accuracy) established by the air navigation service provider for certain routes (e.g. V EF  means the speed at which the critical engine is assumed to fail during takeoff. (3) A maximum never-exceed speed (VNE) of not more than 120 knots CAS for a glider. Foreign air commerce means the carriage by aircraft of persons or property for compensation or hire, or the carriage of mail by aircraft, or the operation or navigation of aircraft in the conduct or furtherance of a business or vocation, in commerce between a place in the United States and any place outside thereof; whether such commerce moves wholly by aircraft or partly by aircraft and partly by other forms of transportation. Air traffic clearance means an authorization by air traffic control, for the purpose of preventing collision between known aircraft, for an aircraft to proceed under specified traffic conditions within controlled airspace. (2) With respect to other materials and parts, means the capacity to withstand the heat associated with fire at least as well as steel in dimensions appropriate for the purpose for which they are used. Foreign air transportation means the carriage by aircraft of persons or property as a common carrier for compensation or hire, or the carriage of mail by aircraft, in commerce between a place in the United States and any place outside of the United States, whether that commerce moves wholly by aircraft or partly by aircraft and partly by other forms of transportation. It includes, but is not limited to, standards for aircraft design and performance, required equipment, manufacturer quality assurance systems, production acceptance test procedures, operating instructions, maintenance and inspection procedures, identification and recording of major repairs and major alterations, and continued airworthiness. (4) A maximum stalling speed or minimum steady flight speed without the use of lift-enhancing devices (VS1) of not more than 45 knots CAS at the aircraft's maximum certificated takeoff weight and most critical center of gravity. (3) Words importing the masculine gender include the feminine. Alternate airport means an airport at which an aircraft may land if a landing at the intended airport becomes inadvisable. Foreign air transportation means the carriage by aircraft of persons or property as a common carrier for compensation or hire, or the carriage of mail by aircraft, in commerce between a place in the United States and any place outside of the United States, whether that commerce moves wholly by aircraft or partly by aircraft and partly by other forms of transportation. 40103(b)(3). Pilotage means navigation by visual reference to landmarks. oceanic, ATS routes, and IAPs). The regulations are established and enforced by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), and are part of Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). (3) Includes means “includes but is not limited to”. Second in command means a pilot who is designated to be second in command of an aircraft during flight time. Enhanced flight visibility (EFV) means the average forward horizontal distance, from the cockpit of an aircraft in flight, at which prominent topographical objects may be clearly distinguished and identified by day or night by a pilot using an enhanced flight vision system. Landing gear operating speed means the maximum speed at which the landing gear can be safely extended or retracted. Kite means a framework, covered with paper, cloth, metal, or other material, intended to be flown at the end of a rope or cable, and having as its only support the force of the wind moving past its surfaces. Air commerce means interstate, overseas, or foreign air commerce or the transportation of mail by aircraft or any operation or navigation of aircraft within the limits of any Federal airway or any operation or navigation of aircraft which directly affects, or which may endanger safety in, interstate, overseas, or foreign air commerce. TCAS II means a TCAS that utilizes interrogations of, and replies from airborne radar beacon transponders and provides traffic advisories and resolution advisories in the vertical plane. ... Definitions 1.01.1 In these regulations, any word or expression to which a meaning has been assigned in Aeronautics and Space; Chapter I. Flight level means a level of constant atmospheric pressure related to a reference datum of 29.92 inches of mercury. A system that uses satellite relay, data link, high frequency, or another approved communication system which extends beyond line of sight. 119.3 — Definitions. Area navigation (RNAV) is a method of navigation that permits aircraft operations on any desired flight path. ETOPS Significant System means an airplane system, including the propulsion system, the failure or malfunctioning of which could adversely affect the safety of an ETOPS flight, or the continued safe flight and landing of an airplane during an ETOPS diversion.